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Agroforestry integrates crop production with ecological benefits. This study evaluated growth, yield, land-use efficiency, and soil fertility of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) under medicinal tree–based agroforestry systems in Bangladesh. Radish was cultivated with Amloki (Phyllanthus emblica), Haritoki (Terminalia chebula), and Bohera (Terminalia bellirica) at three distances from tree bases (0–68 cm, 69–136 cm, and 137–204 cm), alongside an open-field control.